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OK, back being a pest. I am getting a P0456 code -- small leak -- but though I am getting the "check your gas cap" warning, I am not getting a check engine light. Why is that? Thanks.
I am attaching the most complete DTC Summaries guide that I have for the 4.2L cars. It's for the 2004 model year XJ, but should be applicable to your 2008 S-Type. Here are the definition and possible causes of P0456:
A common issue I have dealt with on 4.2L cars (S-Type, XJ, XK) is a charcoal canister vent valve that has failed in the open or partially open position, so since you've apparently checked the purge valve, the canister vent valve would be my next suspect. The vent valve, sometimes called the solenoid in the service documentation, is located on the underside of the vehicle near the rear/fuel tank, so it is subject to water ingress. It is part 9 in the diagram below:
Cheers,
Thanks Don. One more question (before I crawl under the car) is this solenoid in plain sight or hidden under the bottom cover? Thanks.
I can't remember for certain on the S-Type, but I think it may be above the rear axle. The most recent one I replaced was on a 4.2L XK, and it was easily accessible next to the charcoal/carbon canister. The canister is a black plastic rectangular container, so it's usually easy to find.