When you click on links to various merchants on this site and make a purchase, this can result in this site earning a commission. Affiliate programs and affiliations include, but are not limited to, the eBay Partner Network.
It's a Wax Thermostat that Controls the Vacuum that under Certain Conditions (if the Fuel in the Rail Should get Very Hot) it can enrich the Mixture for Easier Starting
In which case the Wax Stat Closes which then cuts down the Vacuum to enrich the Fuel Supply and then opens again when the Fuel is Flowing Normally, so indirectly it does affect the Mixture
While that may be the 'Theory' in Practice it's not needed. except maybe under Extreme Climatic Conditions, as even with it taken out of the Circuit by joining those Tubes Together or just replacing both of them with a Single Vacuum Tube, almost 100% of the time your Car should Start and Run as Normal
This Wax Stat can also be more trouble than its worth as if the Engine should get very Hot and the Wax in the Wax Stat Melts as it did on mine, unless you were aware of this your Fuel Consumption could go up, for what appears to be no logical reason and even cause back firing as mine did
Once I'd taken the Wax Stat out of the Circuit by using a Single Tube, everything then returned to Normal and I've never had that kind of problem since, with Thanks to 'Grant' 'The Wizard of Oz' who found out what was wrong and showed me how to Fix it